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Document Type |
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Article In Journal |
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Document Title |
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Preliminary Environmental Assessment of the Pollution of Soil and Water at Wadi Uranah, Makkah Al-Mukarramah, Saudi Arabia التقييم البيئي المبدئي لتلوث التربة والماء بوادي عرنة ، مكة المكرمة |
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Subject |
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Earth Sciences |
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Document Language |
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English |
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Abstract |
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The environmental impact of sewagewater effluent discharged
into the lower part of Wadi Uranah, Makkah Al-Mukarramah
area on soil and underground water was evaluated. Water samples
from the stream and the adjacent wells, in addition to soil samples
from the wadi and the stream were collected. Chemical analysis and
bacterial examinations for stream wastewater, contaminated well
water, stream polluted soil and wadi unpolluted soil were performed.
Physical properties for soil samples were also determined.
The results of chemical analyses revealed that, the values of most
of the tested elements are higher in wastewater than in well water except
for pH, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cl, Ni, Cr, and Cu. It was also found that, the
BOD, COD, NO3 and the heavy metals such as Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni, Pb,
Cr and Cd, in the tested wastewater, are higher than the permissible
standard limits, in addition to the presence of huge quantities of infectious
bacteria. The amount of Zn, Pb and NO3 in the wastewater
and polluted soil are extremely high. Sewagewater was found more
contaminated than the well-water. Furthermore, the values of Ca, Mg
and PO4 are higher in the wadi soil than the polluted soil.
The study indicates that, the sewagewater and the well water, in
their present condition, are not suitable and unhealthy for human consumption
or domestic and irrigation purposes. This situation was due
to the presence of high concentration of organic materials, salts, heavy
metals and bacteria. The study results also indicated that the treated wastewater in the stream is unfit for direct discharge and reuse. The
farms should be prevented from the use of wastewater either directly
or from the contaminated wells |
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ISSN |
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1012-8832 |
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Journal Name |
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Earth Sciences Journal |
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Volume |
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13 |
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Issue Number |
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1 |
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Publishing Year |
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1422 AH
2001 AD |
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Number Of Pages |
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27 |
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Article Type |
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Article |
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Added Date |
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Sunday, October 11, 2009 |
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